Glycoside hydrolase family 19

Glycosyl hydrolases family 19
the refined crystal structure of an endochitinase from hordeum vulgare l. seeds to 1.8 angstroms resolution
Identifiers
Symbol Glyco_hydro_19
Pfam PF00182
Pfam clan CL0037
InterPro IPR000726
PROSITE PDOC00620
SCOP 2baa
CAZy GH19

In molecular biology, Glycoside hydrolase family 19 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.[1][2][3] This classification is available on the CAZy(http://www.cazy.org/GH1.html) web site,[4] and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes. [5]

Glycoside hydrolase family 19 CAZY GH_19 comprises enzymes with only one known activity; chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14).

Chitinases[6] are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the beta-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine linkages in chitin polymers. Chitinases belong to glycoside hydrolase families 18 or 19.[7] Chitinases of family 19 (also known as classes IA or I and IB or II) are enzymes from plants that function in the defence against fungal and insect pathogens by destroying their chitin-containing cell wall. Class IA/I and IB/II enzymes differ in the presence (IA/I) or absence (IB/II) of a N-terminal chitin-binding domain. The catalytic domain of these enzymes consist of about 220 to 230 amino acid residues.

References

  1. ^ Henrissat B, Callebaut I, Mornon JP, Fabrega S, Lehn P, Davies G (1995). "Conserved catalytic machinery and the prediction of a common fold for several families of glycosyl hydrolases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (15): 7090–7094. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.15.7090. PMC 41477. PMID 7624375. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=41477. 
  2. ^ Henrissat B, Davies G (1995). "Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases". Structure 3 (9): 853–859. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00220-9. PMID 8535779. 
  3. ^ Bairoch, A. "Classification of glycosyl hydrolase families and index of glycosyl hydrolase entries in SWISS-PROT". 1999.
  4. ^ Henrissat, B. and Coutinho P.M. "Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes server". 1999.
  5. ^ CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes.
  6. ^ Jolles P, Flach J, Pilet PE (1992). "What's new in chitinase research?". Experientia 48 (8): 701–716. doi:10.1007/BF02124285. PMID 1516675. 
  7. ^ Henrissat B (December 1991). "A classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities". Biochem. J. 280 ( Pt 2): 309–16. PMC 1130547. PMID 1747104. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1130547. 

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR000726